J-Ben User Manual (for J-Ben v1.2.2)

GTK+/GTKmm: J-Ben is now developed using GTK on all platforms. Any recent version should work, but here's a listing of some of the libraries previously in use on my Linux system:
- GTK+: 2.12.9
- GLib: 2.16.1
- Cairo: 1.4.10
- libsigc++: 2.0.18
- GTKmm/GLibmm/etc.: roughly matching versions
The Boost Libraries: J-Ben should work with boost 1.34.1 or later.

Ensure you have the development packages for the above listed libraries installed. Then, run "make", followed by "make download" to download dictionary files and optional stroke order diagrams. (J-Ben will NOT work properly unless at least one kanji and one word dictionary are installed!) Finally, as root, run "make install" to finish the installation.

1.1.3. Windows users

NOTE: These instructions are only for people building J-Ben from source code. If you just want to use J-Ben, proceed to Installing J-Ben.

Windows builds are more challenging in large because setting up the dependent libraries is more of a chore. The situation is improving; since the time of writing (November 2008) there are now decent development packages for GTK+ and GTKmm. However, it still takes time, potentially several hours, to properly set up a build environment on Windows. As such, I strongly recommend -against- building from source unless you have a really good reason to do so.

That being said, the Windows development environment supported is MinGW with MSys. Other environments for Windows are currently unsupported.

If you want to give it a try, do the following:

Ensure that you have pkg-config, 7-zip and makensis in your path, or add them in after starting MSys.
Change the variables in the "WINDOWS-SPECIFIC" section of the makefile as needed.

Build using the following commands:

make -f Makefile.win
make -f Makefile.win download
make -f Makefile.win install

If there is demand for more detailed Windows build instructions, I will provide them in a later version of this manual.

1.2. Installing J-Ben from a precompiled package

1.2.1. Windows users

Most users should use the regular J-Ben installer package, which should be available from the project web site. This installer is most suitable for standard installs of J-Ben, and handles downloading of dictionary and stroke order diagram files during installation.

If you are installing J-Ben onto a USB thumb drive or similar device, you may want to instead download one of the zipped (.zip or .7z) versions of the program and extract it by hand. In this case, to run the program you will want to look for jben.exe, located in the J-Ben\bin folder.

Thumb drive installs include EDICT2 and KANJIDIC dictionary files and no stroke order diagrams. Additional files can be installed by hand if desired.

When you run J-Ben for the first time, it will prompt you as to whether you want to run J-Ben in "standard" or "mobile" mode. This simply refers to where J-Ben will store its data files. If you're running on a thumb drive or similar, select "mobile", and your data files will be saved to the thumb drive. If you've installed J-Ben permanently on your system, select "standard", and your files will be stored in your user's Application Data folder. (Usually this is C:\Documents and Settings\<username>\Application Data.)

1.2.2. Linux users

At the time of writing, no precompiled packages exist. Eventually I would like to make a Linux Standard Base-compliant package, and it would be cool to get J-Ben into Debian and maybe other distributions. For the time being though, it is necessary to compile from source.

Chapter 2. General usage

2.1. The main interface

J-Ben's main window has two tabs, providing a bidirectional word dictionary and a kanji (character) dictionary. These dictionaries are dependent upon the various dictionary files (EDICT2, KANJIDIC/KANJD212/KANJIDIC2, KRADFILE/RADKFILE) freely available from Monash University on Jim Breen's homepage.

2.1.1. The word dictionary

The word dictionary performs a very simple search based upon the ENTIRE QUERY - it doesn't try to match all the words or some of the words, but rather treats your query as a phrase and matches only the whole phrase. Results are arranged with exact matches first, followed by "begins with" matches, "ends with" matches, and finally, everything else. Japanese searches work best because of the structure of EDICT2, but English searches work fairly well as well.

The word dictionary ties into the vocab study list. You can step through or jump to a random word in your vocab list using the buttons at the bottom of the dictionary tab.

2.1.2. The kanji (character) dictionary

The kanji dictionary searches for one or more kanji characters and displays detailed information about each one. Because of the amount of data available for each character, and because most people don't need much of the data available, the output can be customized through the preferences editor.

Information provided includes (but is not limited to) the following:

Japanese-style readings (kun-yomi) and "Chinese-style" sound-based readings (on-yomi)
Special readings for use in names (nanori)
Stroke count
Jouyou grade level
Dictionary reference codes
Korean and "Pinyin" readings
JIS and Unicode values in hexadecimal
Various radical information

Display of stroke order diagrams can be toggled here. This is dependent upon installing a set of stroke order diagrams.

The kanji dictionary ties into both the kanji and vocab study lists. You can move through your kanji study list using the forward, backward, and random buttons at the bottom of the dictionary tab. Further, if you search for a single kanji and it is in your list, the dictionary will recognize this and allow you to step through your list from the current character. Finally, all character searches are cross-referenced with your vocab study list, and if any of your vocab contain the kanji, they will be listed as well.

2.2. Kanji search

If you do not know how to type a kanji, or are unable to, J-Ben has two methods to allow you to look kanji up and copy them to the clipboard.

The first method is handwriting recognition. This is available via the menu item "Tools->Handwriting Recognition for Kanji". Using this, draw the character using your mouse. As you draw the character, the window will show you the 5 best matches for what you have drawn. This method uses the database from JStroke/KanjiPad/im-ja, and at last count supports searching for 2116 characters.

The second method is the new integrated kanji search, available via "Tools->Kanji Search". This method allows you to choose one or more search methods to quickly find kanji. These search methods all use the standard dictionary files, with the exception of handwriting recognition as previously described.

The integrated search currently supports the following search methods:

Stroke count. Allows for including common miscounts and a +/- search range.
SKIP code, as used in Halpern dictionaries. (An explanation can be found here.) Allows wildcard searches by specifying "0" as any of the 3 index numbers. Also allows a +/- search range, which is applied to both the second and third index.
Handwriting Recognition. This is functionally identical to that provided by the standalone handwriting "pad", but can also be used through this interface.

All selected search methods are applied together, from top to bottom.

More methods will be added in future versions. My highest priority is multiradical search support as seen in JWP/JWPce/Gjiten/WWWJDIC. Other methods will be added as requested by users and as time allows.

2.3. Kanji drilling

J-Ben provides an easy-to-use kanji "flash card" mode. This can be accessed via the "Practice->Kanji" menu item. It requires that you define a kanji study list before using it.

The kanji practice mode is intended as a basic self-study tool, and does not ask you to input any answers to questions or anything similar. It will display information about a kanji with some of the information hidden from view, and it is your job to guess, either mentally or on a separate sheet of paper, what the missing information is. After doing this, you can look at the hidden fields, and you decide for yourself whether or not you remembered the character properly or not.

This is a self-graded test; you decide for each character whether you got it "Correct" or "Wrong", and the program will simply track your answers and help you study the ones you had trouble with. The program will continue to drill you through the characters you mark as "Wrong", and at the end of the test will present you with a score and a list of the characters you got wrong.

The first step in using this mode is to select which characters to test yourself on. You start by choosing how many characters you want to test, and then you pick whether to select the kanji randomly from your list or in order from a certain index of your list. The former method may be better for general review, while the latter would be good for practicing through sets of new characters in your list.

The second step is choosing the type of test. If you want to practice writing characters by hand, you will probably want to try the "writing kanji" option. However, if just reading the characters is sufficient, which may be fairly true if you only read or type Japanese, then you might be better served focusing on "reading kanji".

After clicking "Start Drill", test mode begins. While in test mode, any active dictionary searches will be cleared, and you will be unable to access the word and kanji dictionaries until you finish. The screen will display 4 textboxes containing information about the kanji: the character itself, its on-yomi (sound-based) reading, its kun-yomi (Japanese style) reading, and its meaning in English. Some of the textboxes will be covered up, depending on which test mode you chose: for "writing kanji" only the kanji character is covered by default, while for "reading kanji" everything except the kanji character is covered. You can uncover each of the textboxes simply by clicking on them, or you can uncover all of them by pressing the "Show Answer" button. (Clicking "Show Answer" in "writing kanji" mode will also show a stroke order diagram for the kanji, if present.) After reviewing each flash card, you choose whether you got it "Correct" or "Wrong", and then the program will go to the next card in your list.

After running through all of the flash cards, if you marked any of them as wrong, the program will continue to drill you through the ones you missed. At this point your score won't change; this is just extra practice and if you want you can click "Stop Test" to skip it. I recommend running through this, though. The extra review ends once you've marked each kanji as "Correct".

At the end of the test (or if you select "Stop Test"), the Test Results message box will appear. It will tell you what your score was, how much of the test you finished, and which kanji you missed, if any.

2.4. Study lists

2.4.1. The kanji study list

The kanji study list is used for storing any kanji characters you are studying. It's used by the kanji dictionary and is required for kanji drilling mode. This list can be added to and sorted based on newspaper frequency, Jouyou grade level, and Japanese Language Proficiency Test (JLPT) level.

Editing the kanji study list is done through the kanji study list editor, which can be reached from the Edit menu. (Edit -> Kanji Study List)

2.4.1.1. Adding characters to the list automatically

If you don't know where to start on studying kanji, I suggest starting by using the "Add Kanji" buttons on the left side of the editor to add kanji by either Jouyou grade level or JLPT level. Just click the appropriate button, choose a range of grades or levels, click "OK", and those kanji will be added to your list.

Other methods to add kanji include the "By Frequency" button, which adds kanji by newspaper frequency ranking, or the "From File" button which finds the kanji contained within a plain text file. (Note: "From File" currently only works on UTF-8 encoded files.)

2.4.1.2. Manually editing the list

The Kanji Study List editor lets you manually edit your kanji list. You can type kanji in by hand, or copy and paste them from another application.

When you hit the Commit button, your changes are saved. Only kanji which are in the kanji dictionary will be retained; any other characters are discarded. Duplicates are also automatically removed. So, you could simply copy and paste a vocab list into the kanji list editor, hit commit, and you would end up with a list of all the kanji used in that list.

2.4.1.3. Sorting the list

After adding characters to the list, it is strongly recommended to sort the list. The editor allows 3 methods of sorting: by newspaper frequency, by Jouyou grade, or by JLPT level. Currently you can only sort in ascending order.

J-Ben uses a "stable" sort for sorting study lists. This allows a nice trick where you can first sort by frequency, then by Jouyou grade (or JLPT level), and the result will be a list sorted by grade but with the characters within each grade sorted by frequency.

2.4.2. The vocab study list

The vocab study list can be edited via the "Edit->Vocab Study List" menu item. This study list is primarily used as a cross-referencing resource for the kanji dictionary. The list is formatted with each line representing one Japanese word or phrase. Either manually type in the list, or copy and paste it from another program, and press Apply or OK.

Chapter 3. Preferences editor

Configuring J-Ben is done through the Preferences editor. Currently, you can configure the kanji dictionary, the display fonts, and J-Ben's mobile/standard mode.

3.1. Configuring the kanji dictionary

Most configuration options have to do with the various data contained within KANJIDIC. KANJIDIC has tons of information, and much of it is overkill for the purpose of most students. A set of fairly sane defaults are chosen, but you can modify these as necessary. Most options are self-explanatory.

If you own a paper kanji dictionary, or a set of kanji flash cards, you may want to check through the dictionary reference codes. Index codes for many dictionaries and several flash card sets are included. For example, I personally use the Kodansha Kanji Learner's Dictionary by Jack Halpern, so I usually have this code enabled so I can very easily reference it if I'm not satisfied with the output of KANJIDIC.

If you set up a vocab study list, then there's a useful option to display words in your vocab list which use the kanji you're looking up. This option is strongly recommended. If there's nothing in your study list, or nothing that matches your search, then this option doesn't display any extra information.

The "other information" option is for the various other "excessive" data contained in KANJIDIC but which I feel most Japanese learners usually will not need. This includes JIS and Unicode hex codes, various radical index numbers, Korean and "Pinyin" romanizations, dictionary cross-reference codes, and any other KANJIDIC fields not handled elsewhere.

Finally, if you install one or more of the KanjiCafe.com stroke order diagram packs, you can toggle whether to show them here.

3.2. Configuring kanji tests

A few options are available for modifying the behavior of kanji tests. You can select, for both "reading" and "writing" modes, which information fields you want shown or covered. Additionally, single-key keyboard shortcuts are supported, allowing you to easily drill using only one hand on the keyboard (and the other hand writing kanji on paper, hopefully).

3.3. Configuring the display fonts

J-Ben uses four special fonts for displaying text in the program. Here, you can change how they are set. Each font is described below.

Japanese Font, Normal: General purpose Japanese display font. Used for most Japanese text display throughout the program.
Japanese Font, Large: Used for displaying the "header" character in kanji dictionary output.
English Font, Normal: General purpose English font. Used for dictionary output and some other places where Japanese is not expected.
English Font, Small: Used for displaying disclaimer/copyright related text in some places.

3.4. Other options

Currently only one "other option" is supported: the J-Ben "mobile mode" toggle. As mentioned earlier, this simply adjusts where J-Ben's configuration file(s) are saved. If mobile mode is checked, then settings will be saved based upon the working directory. Usually, this means that it'll save to the program's root folder, which is ideal for USB thumb drives. If mobile mode is not checked, then J-Ben will save to the user's "home" or "Application Data" folder.

(Note for Linux users: mobile mode is currently a Windows-only option. Also, because of this, you probably will not have an "Other" tab.)

Appendix A. Credits

J-Ben was written by Paul Goins. It uses code from the im-ja and kanjipad projects, and those portions are copyrighted by their original authors. Code has also been directly contributed by Alain Bertrand.

I've had a lot of help writing this software from many people, and it goes without saying that this list will not be conclusive. However, I want to try to give credit where credit is due.

Thanks goes to Jim Breen and Monash University, for without Mr. Breen's dictionary files, J-Ben and countless other programs like it would not exist.

Thanks also goes to Jim Rose of kanjicafe.com, for allowing me a license to use the stroke order diagrams from his SODER project, and for contributing files to support Jim Breen's projects (RADKFILE2/KRADFILE2).

Thanks to the wxWidgets team for developing wxWidgets, and to the denizens of the wxForums (especially doublemax, but others as well). Although J-Ben no longer uses wxWidgets, it did help me get off to a good start.

Thanks to the GTK+ and GTKmm teams, both for their tools and their support when things haven't worked quite as planned.

Thanks to "taniwha" at the "Tae Kim's Guide to Japanese Grammar" forum. Taniwha convinced me that integrating KanjiPad into J-Ben was a low hanging fruit and worthwhile, and also pointed me towards the im-ja project and the improvements they have made to KanjiPad. Obviously, thanks also goes to the im-ja teams, Owen Taylor, Robert Wells and Todd David Rudicks for their work on KanjiPad and related programs.

And last (but certainly not least!), thanks to the users of J-Ben and the feedback they have provided.

I hope that I haven't missed anyone here, but if I have, drop me a line: general (at) vultaire _dot_ net

Appendix B. GNU General Public License

B.1. Preamble

The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free software - to make sure the software is free for all its users. This General Public License applies to most of the Free Software Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to your programs, too.

When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.

To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights. These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.

For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their rights.

We protect your rights with two steps:

copyright the software, and
offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy, distribute and/or modify the software.

Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original authors' reputations.

Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all.

The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and modification follow.

B.2. TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION

B.2.1. Section 0

This License applies to any program or other work which contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed under the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below, refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program" means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law: that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it, either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in the term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as "you".

Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the Program (independent of having been made by running the Program). Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.

B.2.2. Section 1

You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty; and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License along with the Program.

You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.

B.2.3. Section 2

You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1 above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:

You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.
You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third parties under the terms of this License.
If the modified program normally reads commands interactively when run, you must cause it, when started running for such interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this License. (Exception: If the Program itself is interactive but does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on the Program is not required to print an announcement.)

These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program, and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it.

Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or collective works based on the Program.

In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under the scope of this License.

B.2.4. Section 3

You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it, under Section 2 in object code or executable form under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following:

Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or,
Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or,
Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you received the program in object code or executable form with such an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.)

The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a special exception, the source code distributed need not include anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component itself accompanies the executable.

If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent access to copy the source code from the same place counts as distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not compelled to copy the source along with the object code.

B.2.5. Section 4

You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License. However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance.

B.2.6. Section 5

You are not required to accept this License, since you have not signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying the Program or works based on it.

B.2.7. Section 6

Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein. You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to this License.

B.2.8. Section 7

If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues), conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to refrain entirely from distribution of the Program.

If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other circumstances.

It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the integrity of the free software distribution system, which is implemented by public license practices. Many people have made generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed through that system in reliance on consistent application of that system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot impose that choice.

This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to be a consequence of the rest of this License.

B.2.9. Section 8

If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the original copyright holder who places the Program under this License may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates the limitation as if written in the body of this License.

B.2.10. Section 9

The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.

Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that version or of any later version published by the Free Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software Foundation.

B.2.11. Section 10

If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.

B.2.12. NO WARRANTY Section 11

BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.

B.2.13. Section 12

IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.

END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS

B.3. How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs

If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.

To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.

<one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.> Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>

This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.

This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA

Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.

If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:

Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type "show w". This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions; type "show c" for details.

The hypothetical commands "show w" and "show c" should show the appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may be called something other than "show w" and "show c"; they could even be mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program.

You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:

Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program "Gnomovision" (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker.

<signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1989 Ty Coon, President of Vice

This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General Public License instead of this License.

Appendix C. Other Licenses

While all code in J-Ben falls under the GPL version 2 (or above), the dictionaries and stroke order diagram files used by J-Ben fall under separate licenses.

EDICT, EDICT2, KANJIDIC, KANJIDIC2, JMDict, KRADFILE and RADKFILE are all property of the Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group (EDRDG) and fall under the EDRDG general dictionary license. RADKFILE2 and KRADFILE2 are property of James Rose, but are licensed for redistribution by EDRDG.

KanjiCafe.com stroke order diagrams used by J-Ben are property of James Rose, KanjiCafe.com, and Rolomail Trading. These graphics are used under the KanjiCafe.com SOD and SODA License Agreement, version 3.